日常生活中经常使用剂,容易刺激呼吸道、伤害肠道菌群,影响家人健康,因此当室内不当时,也会给人体带来健康隐患。
Disinfectants are often used in daily life, which can easily stimulate respiratory tract, damage intestinal flora, and affect the health of family members. Therefore, when indoor disinfection is not appropriate, it will also bring health risks to the human body.
目前,市面上的产品按照作用位点来分类,可以概括为以下两大类:
At present, there are two types of disinfection sites on the market
直接作用于内部遗传物质核酸:紫外线
Direct effect on internal genetic material nucleic acid: ultraviolet disinfection
作用于蛋白质使其失活的:大部分化学剂、高温
Inactivation of proteins by acting on them: most chemical disinfectants, high temperature
蛋白质的失活,主要是通过加热、脱水、氧化、成盐、脱氨、改变电荷等方式来改变及破坏其二级或三级结构。
The inactivation of protein mainly changes and destroys the secondary or tertiary structure by heating, dehydration, oxidation, salt formation, deamination and charge change.
乙醇(俗称酒精)能够杀灭具有包膜结构的病毒,因此对此次的新冠病毒有效。
Ethanol (commonly known as alcohol) can kill the virus with envelope structure, so it is effective for the new coronavirus.
具体来说,酒精具有一定的脂溶性,根据“相似相溶”的原理,能够破坏掉由磷脂双分子层构成的脂质包膜;同时,在接触到病毒包膜表面的糖蛋白时,能使蛋白质脱水变性,从而使病毒失活。
Specifically, alcohol has a certain fat solubility, according to the principle of "similar solubility", it can destroy the lipid envelope composed of phospholipid bilayer; at the same time, when contacting the glycoprotein on the surface of virus envelope, it can dehydrate and denature the protein, thus inactivating the virus.
但酒精存在着一些风险,如使用酒精时不要靠近热源,也不要对着空气直接喷洒,以免火灾;不要在衣物上喷洒酒精,防止静电导致火灾;给电器表面时,记得切断电源,所有物品均应等酒精挥发之后方可再次使用。
However, there are some safety risks in alcohol disinfection. For example, when using alcohol, do not close to the heat source or spray directly to the air to avoid fire; do not spray alcohol on clothes to prevent fire caused by static electricity; when disinfecting the surface of electrical appliances, remember to cut off the power supply, and all items can be reused after the alcohol volatilization.
另一种广为人知的剂,就是含氯剂了。(除甲醛)
Another well-known disinfectant is chlorine containing disinfectant. (formaldehyde removal)
所有的含氯剂均有一个共同点--可以在溶于水后,生成具有杀微生物活性的物质次氯酸(HClO)。
All chlorine containing disinfectants have one thing in common - hypochlorite (HClO) can be produced after being dissolved in water.
次氯酸分子量小,并且具有强氧化性,在接触到新冠病毒后会氧化包膜蛋白使其变性,同时损害其蛋白质外壳,使其蛋白交联作用丢失,从而进一步破坏生物酶系统和遗传基因,使其失去活性。
Hypochlorite has small molecular weight and strong oxidation. After contacting with new coronavirus, it will oxidize the envelope protein to denature it, and damage its protein shell, so that its protein cross-linking is lost, thus further destroying the biological enzyme system and genetic genes, making it lose its activity.
虽然含氯剂不像酒精剂那样容易引发火灾,损伤电器,但同样存在着隐患。
Although chlorine containing disinfectants are not as easy to cause fire and damage electrical appliances as alcohol disinfectants, they also have potential safety hazards.
含氯剂一般都有一定的刺激性,在配置和分装时应戴好口罩和手套,做好防护;含氯剂具有强氧化性,存放时应避免高温、远离火源、远离儿童;含氯剂应避免接触金属物品和有颜色的衣服,以免发生腐蚀或褪色。(除甲醛)
Chlorine containing disinfectants are generally irritant, so masks and gloves should be worn to protect them when they are configured and repackaged. Chlorine containing disinfectants are highly oxidizing and should be kept away from high temperature, fire source and children. Chlorine containing disinfectants should avoid contacting metal objects and colored clothes to avoid corrosion or fading. (formaldehyde removal)
对于很多企业家庭而言,自己动手存在着效率低、不、不等问题,选择一家的机构能这类问题,是室内环境迅速达到的标准。
For many enterprises and families, there are problems such as low efficiency, unsafe and unprofessional in self disinfection. Choosing a professional disinfection agency can solve these problems perfectly, which is the indoor environment quickly reaching the safety standard.